Adjectives - Connective Form

Adjectives - Connective Form

This lesson is about the connective form of adjectives. This form is used to list several adjectives in
a sequence, and to connect one sentence to another.
The conjugation rule for the connective form is easy.
•Take    다 off adjectives and then attach    고 to them.
Written Form Present Connective
High 높다 높고
Low 낮다 낮고
Big 크다 크고
Small (size) 작다 작고
Spacious 넓다 넓고
Cramped 좁다 좁고
Many 많다 많고
Small (quantity) 적다 적고
Kind 착하다 착하고
Fast 빠르다 빠르고
Slow 느리다 느리고
Outgoing 활달하다 활달하고
Quiet 조용하다 조용하고
Easy 쉽다 쉽고
Difficult 어렵다 어렵고
Interesting 재미있다 재미있고
Boring 지루하다 지루하고
Hot (tangible) 뜨겁다 뜨겁고
Cold (tangible) 차갑다 차갑고
Warm 따뜻하다 따뜻하고
Cool 시원하다 시원하고
Wonderful 굉장하다 굉장하고
Beautiful 아름답다 아름답고
Patient   인내심 있다   인내심 있고
Humorous 웃기다 웃기고
Calm 침착하다 침착하고

Humble 겸손하다 겸손하고
Lovely 사랑스럽다 사랑스럽고
The connective form of adjectives is used in two situations:
•To list adjectives in a sequence
•To connect one sentence to another
1. To list adjectives in a sequence
If I was to say 'kind, beautiful and humble' in Korean, the adjectives must be changed to their
connective forms except the last adjective of a sentence which determines its tense.
E.g.
• →   착하다 착하고 = kind
• →   아름답다 아름답고 = beautiful
•   겸손하다 = humble
•   →  착하고 아름답고 겸손하다 kind, beautiful and humble
•   →  착하고 아름답고 겸손했다 was kind, beautiful and humble
Alternatively,
•   →  아름답고 겸손하고 착했다 was beautiful, humble and kind
•   →  겸손하고 착하고 아름다웠다 was humble, kind and beautiful
As you can see, the last adjective determines the tense of a sentence.
2. To connect one sentence to another.
The connective form of adjectives is also used to connect sentences.
•   유리는 착해요 = Yuri is kind
•   미나는 아름다워요 = Mina is beautiful
•   진수는 겸손해요 = Jinsu is humble
유리는 착하고,    미나는 아름답고,    진수는 겸손해요.
= Yuri is kind, Mina is beautiful and Jinsu is humble.
•   앤디는 웃겨요 = Andy is humorous/funny
•   프랭클린은 조용해요 = Franklin is quiet
•   제시카는 활달해요 = Jessica is outgoing

앤디는 웃기고,    프랭클린은 조용하고,    제시카는 활달해요
= Andy is humorous/funny, Franklin is quiet, and Jessica is outgoing.
•   음료수는 시원하다 = A soft drink is cool
•   차는 뜨겁다 = Tea is hot
•   포도는 달다 = Grapes are sweet
음료수는 시원하고,    차는 뜨겁고,    포도는 달다.
= A soft drink is cool, tea is hot, and grapes are sweet.