Verbs - Connective

Verbs - Connective

Connective Form [하고]
This lesson is about the connective form which is primarily used in two ways:
1. To list verbs.
2. To link one sentence to the next.
We'll have a look at these functions of the connective form in detail below.
Table of Common Verbs and Their Connective Forms
Written
Form
Plain Connective
Do 하다 하고
Go 가다 가고
Come 오다 오고
Eat 먹다 먹고
Drink 마시다 마시고
Walk 걷다 걷고
Run 달리다 달리고
Stand 서다 서고
Sit 앉다 앉고
Get up 일어나다 일어나고
Sleep 자다 자고
Buy 사다 사고
Sell 팔다 팔고
Grow 자라다 자라고
Throw 던지다 던지고
Borrow 빌리다 빌리고
Lend 빌려주다 빌려주고
Play 놀다 놀고
Write 쓰다 쓰고
Read 읽다 읽고
Listen 듣다 듣고
Live 살다 살고

Die 죽다 죽고
Conjugation rule
Take    다 off the plain form of verbs, and then attach    고 to them.
• →  하다 하고
• →  가다 가고
The connective form of verbs is used:
1. To list verbs.
2. To link one sentence to the next.
1. To list verbs.
For example, if I wanted to say "I get up, eat and go.", the verb stems are changed to their
connective forms except the last verb which determines the tense of a sentence.
• →  일어나다 일어나고
• →  먹다 먹고
• →  걷다 걷고
•    일어나고 먹고 가다 = get up, eat and go
•    일어나고 먹고 갔다 = got up, ate and went
•     일어나고 먹고 갈 거다 = will get up, eat and go
In each instance, the last verb determines the tense of a sentence.
2. To link one sentence to the next.
The example below shows how three sentences can be linked together using the connective form of
verbs.
•   유리는 학교에 가요. (Yuri goes to school)
•   진수는 밖에서 놀아요. (Jinsu plays outside)
•   미나는 책 읽어요. (Mina reads a book)
유리는 학교에 가고,    진수는 밖에서 놀고,    미나는 책 읽어요.
= Yuri goes to school, Jinsu plays outside and Mina reads.
However, the verbs in each sentence can be conjugated into different tenses.
•   유리는 학교에 갔어요. = Yuri went to school
•   진수는 밖에서 놀거에요. = Jinsu will play outside
•   미나는 책 읽어요. = Mina reads (or Mina is reading)

유리는 학교에 갔고,    진수는 밖에서 놀거고,    미나는 책 읽어요.
= Yuri went to school, Jinsu will play outside and Mina is reading.
Example sentences
E.g.
•I heard and spoke =    듣고 말했다
•I studied, revised and taught = 공부하고, 복습하고, 가르쳤다.
•I washed and ate dinner. =     나는 씻고 저녁을 먹었다.
•      이 상점에서는 과일과 채소를 사고 팔아요. = This shop sells and buys fruit and
vegetables.
•   친구를 만나고,    같이 놀고,    점심을 먹었어요. = I met my friend, had fun and ate lunch
together.
•         비가 오고 눈이 오고 바람이 불고 번개가 쳐요 = It's raining and snowing, the wind is
blowing and the lightning strikes.
•   니엘은 TV   를 보고,     수잔은 아침을 만들고 있고,     삼손은 아직 자고 있어요. = Daniel is
watching TV, Suzanne is making breakfast and Samson is still in bed.